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怎樣保管好字畫

來源：http://www.longxiapy22.com 發布時間：2017-01-13

字畫保管不妥是各種因素造成的，如因季節更替產生的溫差變化，干、濕不勻，陽光紫外線輻射，環境空氣塵埃的污染等等，由此而發生蟲蛀、霉變、褪色等現象，使一幅完整的字畫面目全非，失去其藝術價值。如果我們了解到字畫容易受損的弱點，采取一些有效地防止措施，將會在一定程度上延緩其變舊破損進程，從而使字畫壽命延長，能保持其原貌。
And custody is wrong is caused by various factors, such as due to temperature changes produced by the seasons, dry and wet unevenness, sunshine ultraviolet radiation, air dust pollution and so on, which caused a moth, mildew, fade phenomenon, make a complete and completely lost its artistic value. If we learned calligraphy and painting easily damaged weaknesses, take some effective prevention measures, will delay the aging process of damage to a certain extent, so that the painting to life extension, can keep its original appearance.
字畫，不論是立軸、屏、對聯、手卷、冊頁、還是扇面、斗方，基本上屬紙質品和絲織品兩種，因為都含纖維質，所以具有吸濕性。裝裱字畫用過的糨糊，含有蛋白質和糖，這又是蠢蟲賴以生存的食糧。一幅字畫若不精心保管，就很容易遭受各種侵蝕，從而損壞變質。
The calligraphy and painting, whether vertical, screen, scroll, album, or antithetical couplet, fan, Doufang, basically belong to paper products and two kinds of silk fabrics, because it contains rich fiber, it is hygroscopic. The calligraphy and painting mounting used paste, containing protein and sugar, it is food for the survival of the stupid bug. A painting does not care, it is easy to suffer from all kinds of erosion and damage deterioration.
凡收藏的字畫，放在封閉的箱、櫥、柜內，使字畫能擁有一個穩定的有限空間，避免直接受侵蝕和污染。但這并不是說一旦放進去就萬事大吉，因為它還是會受到侵蝕的，保存久的遼畫被蟲蛀是常見的一種毀壞現象。這種蛀蟲，人們常稱“蠢”蟲，呈灰白色，身體短小。大約每年五月左右，隨著溫度的升高，蠢蟲也大量繁殖。防止的辦法，可用樟腦丸或上海產的樟腦精塊等類藥物驅蟲。這種樟腦藥主要通過其自然揮發出特殊的氣味來防蟲，具有較好的驅蟲效果。使用時可以將樟腦藥放在收藏字畫的周圍。此藥一年之中分期放二次，次在34月，第二次在1011月，這樣防蟲效果更好。
All of the paintings, the best placed in a closed box, cabinet, cabinet, and the calligraphy and paintings have a limited spatial stability, avoid direct erosion and pollution. But this is not to say that once put in Everything will be fine, because it will erode, save for Liaoning painting moth eaten is a common phenomenon of destruction. This moth, often called the "stupid" bug, grayish white, short stature. Around May of every year, with the rise of temperature, stupid insects multiply. The way to prevent, camphor blocks such as anthelmintic available mothballs or produced in Shanghai. This medicine is mainly through its natural camphor volatile scent to insects, has better effect of insecticide. Around the use can be placed in the collection of paintings of campylobactor. This medicine is the best time of the year on the stage two times, the first time in the 3 to second times in April, 10 to November, this pest control effect is better.
放在箱、櫥、柜內的字畫除放藥外，還要做到勤翻動，及時不潔之物。每隔半年左右就要展開看看，特別是梅雨季節過去之后，能分批將字畫取出來掛幾天這稱為“晾畫”，這樣能有效地防止字畫生霉。
Put the medicine on the outside in addition to calligraphy and painting box, cabinet, cabinet, but also do change, the timely removal of unclean. Every six months will start to see, especially in the rainy season has passed, the best batch will take out a few days of this painting is called "dry painting", which can effectively prevent mildew and.
霉菌在潮濕、溫暖和黑暗條件下易繁殖，因此，字畫的貯藏空間，溫暖應保持在14℃——20℃左右，相對濕度在50——60%。因為室內相對濕度偏高，容易引起紙張受潮而滋長霉菌。而太干燥又容易引起字畫的翹曲變脆，一般的家庭遇天氣干燥時，可常用濕墩布拖地，或在房內放盆水，天氣潮濕時，尤其在雨季，盡量少開窗戶，這樣可以使房間的濕度得到相應的控制。
Mold in the wet and warm and dark conditions most likely to breed, therefore, and storage space should be maintained at 14 degrees warm - 20 degrees Celsius, relative humidity in 50 - 60%. Because the indoor relative humidity is high, easy to cause damp paper and grow mold. Which is too dry and easy to cause and warpage of the brittle, general family in case when the weather is dry, can be used wet mop mopping the floor, or put a basin of water in the room, when the weather is wet, especially in the rainy season, as little as possible to open the window, so you can make the room humidity corresponding control.
長期懸掛在外面的字面，會受到太陽紫外線的輻射，使字畫顏色褪淡，字跡模糊，發生纖維的老化、變脆。因此，一般不要將珍貴的字畫長期地掛在廳室里，更不要掛在太陽能直射到的壁上。應掛一段時間再收藏起來，若字畫數量多，則可以采取輪流懸掛的辦法，這樣做，既能展開收藏字畫的不同風格，欣賞佳作，又能延緩老化變色過程。
The long hanging on the outside of the letter, will be affected by the sun's ultraviolet radiation, the calligraphy and painting color fades, illegible, aging, brittle fibre. Therefore, generally not the precious paintings long hanging in the hall room, do not hang in the solar direct to the wall. Should be in a period of time to collect, if and number, you can take turns hanging way, do this, different style, can not only expand the appreciation of calligraphy and painting works, and can delay the aging process of discoloration.
塵埃也是字畫的大敵之一。掛在墻上，或存放在箱、柜中的字畫，同樣會受到塵埃的影響，細小的塵埃沾在字畫表面，遇到一定的濕度，它能成為不潔凈的小顆粒，等小顆粒的水分蒸發，會在畫面上留下黃色斑點。
It is also one of the greatest enemies of calligraphy. Hanging on the wall, or stored in the box, cabinet and influence will also be dust, fine dust stick in the calligraphy and painting surface, meet certain humidity, it can become small particles are not clean, water evaporation and other small particles, leaving yellow spots on the screen.
除此之外，對字畫保護還應注意，在欣賞觀看時，不要用手指指點點接觸畫面，唾沫沾染。展開和收卷時不要將畫折壞留下折痕，因收藏的字畫由于年久而變得較脆，容易弄折裂，所以一般不要隨便動手，就是收、拿、卷、掛等動作，也一定要格外小心，做到輕手輕腳。
In addition, the calligraphy and painting protection should also pay attention to, in appreciation of watch, don't touch screen with a finger pointing, saliva contamination. Expansion and winding will not draw off bad left crease, for collection of calligraphy and painting by age and become more brittle, easily broken, so don't start, is closed, take, roll, hanging and other movements, also must be very careful, do cautiously without any noise.
以上介紹的幾種保管字畫的簡易方法，僅供一般愛好字畫的收藏者參考。我們用滿腔的熱情、無限的激情對待工作和客戶，我們愿意用勤奮的努力和您一起共鑄美好明天！
Several simple methods introduced above to keep the pictures, for the general interest in calligraphy and painting collectors reference. We are filled with enthusiasm and passion towards work and customers, we are willing to use the hard work and you create a better tomorrow!

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