收購名人字畫人員告訴您，現在鑒定還是以傳統的方法為主，與個人的藝術修為及實踐經驗也有密切聯系，其中看筆墨是基礎。
The personnel who bought famous people's calligraphy and painting told you that the current appraisal is mainly based on traditional methods, and it is also closely related to personal artistic accomplishments and practical experience, in which pen and ink is the basis.
先看“用筆”這是關鍵，從用筆的功力就可看出水平如何。幾十年的藝術修為與幾年藝術修為功力是大不相同，能從用筆中體現出來。鑒別中須將每一筆拆開，看其是否到位。
The key is to use a pen first. The skill of using a pen can show how good you are. Decades of artistic accomplishments are quite different from years of artistic accomplishments, which can be reflected in the use of pens. During identification, each stroke shall be disassembled to see whether it is in place.
二看“用墨”?？茨膶哟?，前筆和后筆能分開，該重則重，該淡則淡。而且有韻味，如同“余音繞梁三日”黑白分明，前后層次分明。
Second, look at "using ink". Look at the level of ink. The front and back strokes can be separated. The heavy strokes are heavy, and the light strokes are light. And it has a lasting appeal, like the "lingering sound around the beam for three days", which is clear in black and white, with clear levels before and after.
三看“用水”。要會用水，如“潑水法”。
Third, look at "water". Be able to use water, such as "water sprinkling".
四看“用色”。礦物質顏料，歷史愈久越漂亮，不會褪色，而植物質顏料則會隨時間而逐漸褪色。其中，筆墨不可造假，這是重要的鑒別依據。因為仿造筆墨達不到原本的境界。所以對筆墨有深刻的理解與認識往往會在書畫鑒定上掌握主動權。
Fourth, look at "color". Mineral pigments, the longer the history, the more beautiful, will not fade, while vegetable pigments will fade over time. Among them, the pen and ink cannot be forged, which is an important identification basis. Because the imitation pen and ink can not reach the original state. Therefore, having a deep understanding and understanding of the brush and ink often takes the initiative in the identification of calligraphy and painting.
以上是從個人風格的角度談怎樣鑒別，同時書畫的時代風格不可忽略。如北宋以全景山水為主，而南宋則以局部畫為主，主題更易突出表現。所以若看到全景山水多為北宋年間的，局部畫則是南宋年間的作品。掌握了時代風格，就可大致判定時期。
The above is about how to identify from the perspective of personal style. At the same time, the contemporary style of calligraphy and painting cannot be ignored. For example, the Northern Song Dynasty was dominated by panoramic landscapes, while the Southern Song Dynasty was dominated by local paintings, and the theme was more prominent. Therefore, if you see the panoramic landscape, it is mostly from the Northern Song Dynasty, and the local paintings are from the Southern Song Dynasty. Once you master the style of the times, you can roughly judge the period.
另外，還須從題款、圖章、紙等方面進行鑒別。例如：題款分上、下款，上款若題“大人”“先生”的屬清代。而圖章多在名字的下方，從風格可鑒別時代。若是復制的就比較模糊，刀法粗糙，無神韻。書畫用紙在唐代多是麻料紙（含麻的纖維），宋則用皮料紙（纖維很細）難的莫過于“鑒真”而不是“鑒偽”。
In addition, it is necessary to identify the title, seal, paper, etc. For example, the title can be divided into upper and lower sections, and those with the title "Sir" and "Sir" belong to the Qing Dynasty. The stamps are mostly below the name, which can identify the era from the style. If it is copied, it is vague, and the sabre technique is rough, without verve. In the Tang Dynasty, the paper for painting and calligraphy was mostly made of hemp (fiber containing hemp), while in the Song Dynasty, the paper made of leather (fiber very fine) was more difficult than "authenticating" rather than "authenticating".
所謂的“鑒偽”，就是依據某些瑕疵將作品斷定為贗品。在大多數時候，這種判斷是有道理。但有時候也不盡然。謝稚柳就曾說，書畫家有時候可能會因為創作的環境、心情或其他原因，而在作品中表現出和一貫風格不一樣的地方。
The so-called "fake identification" is to judge a work as a fake according to some defects. Most of the time, this kind of judgment is reasonable. But sometimes it is not. Xie Zhiliu once said that calligraphers and painters may sometimes show differences from their usual styles in their works because of the creative environment, mood or other reasons.
相信很多從事書畫創作的人都會有這樣的經驗。但據此就斷定作品是偽作或存疑，顯然是不科學。有的人動輒將作品看假，有時即使是真品，但略有瑕疵，也會因為“慎重”而把作品斷為偽作。
I believe that many people engaged in calligraphy and painting creation will have such experience. However, it is obviously unscientific to conclude that the work is fake or doubtful. Some people often look at their works as fake. Sometimes even if they are genuine, they will judge their works as fake because of their "prudence".
若發現此類鑒定“失誤”，追究起來，他可以說是自己眼力較嚴，兩手一甩，人們也會因為他的“把關嚴”而理解、原諒他。
If he finds such "mistakes" in identification, he can be said to have a strict eye and people will understand and forgive him for his "strict control".
In order to better understand calligraphy and painting, knowledge is the way for us to enter this industry. We should read more historical books, understand the ancient painting style, and know more about the works in museum exhibitions. More relevant matters come to our website to http://www.longxiapy22.com and painting for consultation!
